Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)
EGP is a protocol used to exchange data between gateway hosts that are neighbors with each other within autonomous systems. This routing protocol offers a forum for routers to share information across different domains. The full form for EGP is the Exterior Gateway Protocol. EGP protocol includes known routers, network addresses, route costs, or neighboring devices.
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
EIGRP is a hybrid routing protocol that provides routing protocols, distance vector, and link-state routing protocols. The full form routing protocol EIGRP is Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. It will route the same protocols that IGRP routes using the same composite metrics as IGRP, which helps the network select the best path destination.
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is a link-state IGP tailor-made for IP networks using the Shortest Path First (SPF) method.
OSPF routing allows you to maintain databases detailing information about the surrounding topology of the network. It also uses the Dijkstra algorithm (Shortest path algorithm) to recalculate network paths when its topology changes. This protocol is also very secure, as it can authenticate protocol changes to keep data secure.
Here are some main difference between these Distance Vector and Link State routing protocols:
Distance Vector | Link State |
Distance Vector protocol sends the entire routing table. | Link State protocol sends only link-state information. |
It is susceptible to routing loops. | It is less susceptible to routing loops. |
Updates are sometimes sent using broadcast. | Uses only multicast method for routing updates. |
It is simple to configure. | It is hard to configure this routing protocol. |
Does not know network topology. | Know the entire topology. |
Example RIP, IGRP. | Examples: OSPF IS-IS. |
ISIS CISCO routing protocol is used on the Internet to send IP routing information. It consists of a range of components, including end systems, intermediate systems, areas, and domains.
The full form of ISIS is Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System. Under the IS-IS protocol, routers are organized into groups called areas. Multiple areas are grouped to make form a domain.
BGP is the last routing protocol of the Internet, which is classified as a DPVP (distance path vector protocol). The full form of BGP is the Border Gateway Protocol.
This type of routing protocol sends updated router table data when changes are made. Therefore, there is no auto-discovery of topology changes, which means that the user needs to configure BGP manually.
Routing protocols are required for the following reasons: