SHOULD ARCHITECTS KNOW SOME STUFF ABOUT STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING?

architects

vs

structural engineers

The process of structural design and construction is sometimes a brutal process, when your design team is not on the same page. Structural engineers think their team’s architects just want to complicate the structure by beautifying it and perfecting it. Architects think their team’s structural engineers are too rigid and think too conservatively. Both think the other party has their shortcomings. However, both parties are dependent on each other. Our different perspectives and thinking patterns all help bring projects into completion and make designs into reality. As a team, we should learn to communicate effectively and technically to each other and to understand xand appreciate the ideas that both parties have. To communicate technically, we need to learn the techniques or, at least, the basics of the science that the other party practices.

I cannot speak much for architects. But, as a growing structural engineer, I think architects can benefit from learning the load paths of different structural systems (i.e. how loads are transferred through different structural elements). This is so they can visualize how their different room uses on each floor affect the overall structure. Also, architects need to understand that structural engineers work with capacities and with safety factors. They should consider load distribution in their designs in order to adapt to capacities of the superstructure and of the foundation. Their designs and their placement of loads can affect bearing capacity pressure distributions and differential settlements.

Architects should also understand the necessary structural elements required for lateral systems, such as core walls or bracings. They can then expect placement of these necessary elements in the structure. Moreover, knowing the rules of thumb for structural element sizes will provide immense efficiency during the drawing preparation process. During initial design, architects can then better visualize the amount of headroom and plan space they can have for each room’s usage. Most importantly, architects need to understand that changing (even the smallest changes) loading or structural layout affects structural calculations. Once a change is made, we have to apply the changes to our model or calculations, recalculate member flexure, shear, axial forces and their capacities, displacement, deflection, as well as, foundation bearing pressure values and differential settlement calculations. Even though experienced structural engineers can determine right off the bat that certain small changes can be done and will not affect the existing design, other changes that are not as certain whether they can negatively affect the design will need to be confirmed by detailed calculations. This takes time to calculate and confirm whether the changes are okay.

In no way am I saying that architects should learn all the basic stuff that structural engineers should know. These ideas are for architects to understand where we, as structural engineers, think and our suggestions for better communication and effective teamwork. As leaders of the project, architects should know basic structural engineering knowledge to coordinate the design team, to effectively communicate with us, and to make important design decisions.

Structural engineers should also learn the basics of architecture, as well, such as client requirements, aesthetics, orientation, planning requirements, energy conservation, functionality, etc.

Structural engineers, if you have any friends or colleagues who are in architecture, please ask them what they feel about learning basic structural knowledge to increase their coordination skills. Architects, do you think learning basic structural engineering knowledge will help coordination and team work? What do you suggest that we, as structural engineers, should learn about the art of architecture?