Computer Science: Innovators

 

 

The following table illustrates the names of major innovators with their works and year −

Person

Achievement

Period/Year

Pāṇini

Pāṇini, the ancient Indian Sanskrit linguist, grammarian, and honorable scholar had systematized and mentioned the technical use of metarules, transformations, and recursions, in his book 'Ashtadhyayi.' It is considred as the forerunner to the computer programming language.

5th Century BC (about)

Al-Khwārizmī

Al-Khwarizmi had the technique of performing arithmetic with Hindu-Arabic numerals developed.

830 AD (about)

Al-Jazari

Al-Jazari had invented the programmable machines, namely programmable humanoid robots, and an astronomical clock, which is considered as the first programmable analogcomputer.

1206 AD (about)

Ramon Llull

Ramon Llull had designed multiple symbolic representations machines.

1300 AD (about)

Blaise Pascal

Pascal had invented the mechanical calculator.

1642 AD (about)

Gottfried Leibniz

Leibniz had developed the first-order predicate calculus, which were very important for the theoretical foundations of computer science.

1670 AD (about)

Charles Babbage

Babbage, who was popular as mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, designed the Analytical Engine and developed a prototype for a less powerful mechanical calculator. Likewise, he originated the concept of digital programmable computer. Babbage is popular as “father of the computer”.

1822 AD (about)

George Boole

Boole conceptualized the Boolean algebra, which became the basis for digital logic and computer science.

1847 AD (about)

Gottlob Frege

Frege developed the first-order predicate calculus, which later became a crucial precursor requirement in developing the computation theory.

1879 AD (about)

Herman Hollerith

Hollerith invented the punched card evaluating machine and hence, he is popularly considered as the father of modern machine data processing.

1889 AD (about)

VannevarBush

Bush developed the Memex concept, which later led to the development of Hypertext.

1930 AD (about)

Alonzo Church

Church had developed the lambda calculus and found the un-decidability problem within it.

1936 AD (about)

Stephen Cole Kleene

Founded the computation theory.

1936 AD (about)

Claude Shannon

Founded practical digital circuit design.

1937 AD

Konrad Zuse

Built the first digital freely programmable computer of Z series.

1938 AD

Tommy Flowers

Designed and built the Mark Colossus computers, the world's first programmable, digital, electronic, and computing devices.

1943 AD

Max Newman

Newman founded the Computing Machine Laboratory at the University of Manchester. It was the place where world's first stored-program computer, the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine was invented.

1943 AD

John Mauchly& J. PresperEcker

Designed and built the ENIAC, the first modern computer, and the UNIVAC I, the first commercially available computer.

1943 AD

Yoshiro Nakamatsu

Invented the first floppy disk at Tokyo Imperial University.

1950 AD

David Caminer & John Pinkerton

Developed the LEO computer i.e. the first business computer

1951 AD

Sergei AlekseyevichLebedev

Independently designed the first electronic computer in the Soviet Union (i.e. Ukraine).

1951 AD

Grace Hopper

Hopper wrote the A-O compiler (a sort of automatic programming language), which heavily influenced the COBOL language.

1952 AD

Cuthbert Hurd

Worked for the International Business Machines Corporation and developed first general-purpose computer, the IBM 701.

1952 AD

Alan Perlis et al

Developed the ALGOL programming language, and the first recipient of the Turing Award.

1952 AD

Noam Chomsky

Chomsky developed Chomsky hierarchy. He made contributions to computer science with his work in linguistics.

1956 AD

Douglas Engelbartand Bill English

Best known for inventing the computer mouse.

1963 AD

Tadashi Sasaki

Sasaki was an engineer at Sharp company and he conceived a single-chip microprocessor CPU. He also developed LCD calculators at Sharp.

1963 AD

Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson

Pioneered the C programming language and the Unix computer operating system at Bell Labs.

1967 AD

Ken Thompson

Thompson developed the Unix operating system, the B programming language, Plan 9 operating system, the first computer chess game and the UTF-8 encoding at Bell Labs. Further, he developed 'Go' programming language at Google.

1967 AD

Adriaan van Wijngaarden

Wijngaarden developed the W-grammar first used in the definition of ALGOL 68

1968 AD

Masatoshi Shima

Designed the Intel 4004, the first commercial microprocessor.

1968 AD

Leslie Lamport

Formulated algorithms to solve different fundamental problems in distributed systems (e.g. the bakery algorithm).

1974 AD

Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn

Designed the Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP and IP), the primary data communication protocols of the Internet and other computer networks.

1978 AD

Tim Berners-Lee

Invented worldwide web.

1989 AD

Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau

Sent first HTTP communication between client and server.

1989 AD