Question Set.24

Question No. 1

How engine design needs to be changed to burn lean mixture?

Answer:

Engine to burn lean mixture uses high compression ratio and the highly turbulent movement of the charge is produced by the geometry of the combustion chamber.

Question No. 2

Horse power of I.C. engines can be expressed as RAC rating, SAE rating, or DIN rating. To which countries these standards belong?

Answer:

U.K., USA and Germany respectively.

Question No. 3

Why are Head Gaskets blown?

Answer:

Normally head gasket blows, when the engine overheats and they can also blow from incorrect installation or poor design. Head gaskets expand and contract according to engine temperature, these cycles may happen after a long period of time, causes the gasket to fail. If you’re replacing the gasket, check the engine block, and head for warping. Follow proper cleaning and torque specifications during assembly.

Question No. 4

What is the Difference between a Humidifier and Vaporizer?

Answer:

(A) The basic difference between humidifiers and vaporizers is that humidifiers disperse cool mist into the air, and vaporizers heat the water to disperse hot steam. Humidifiers are normally used in cooler climates, when due to the usage of heater, the air in the house becomes too dry for comfort and also, it becomes very difficult to breathe. Humidifiers release cool moisture droplets into the air.

(B) Vaporizers also help in moistening the dry air in the house, but vaporizers release hot vapour into the air. There is a heating element in the vaporizers, which help in releasing steam.

(D) The basic difference between them is that one emits cold vapours, while the other one emits hot vapours.

Question No. 5

What do you understand by fuel cycle in nuclear plants?

Answer:

Fuel cycle a series of sequential steps involved in supplying fuel to a nuclear power reactor. The steps include : Mining, refining uranium, fabrication of fuel elements, their use in nuclear reactor, chemical processing to recover remaining fissionable material, re-enrichment of fuel from recovered material, re-fabrication of new fuel elements, waste storage etc.

Question No. 6

What is heavy water and what is its use in nuclear plants?

Answer:

Water containing heavy isotopes of hydrogen (Deuterium) is known as heavy water. Heavy water is used as a moderator. Heavy water has low cross section for absorption of neutrons than ordinary water. Heavy water slows down the fast neutrons and thus moderates the chain reaction.

Question No. 7

What is a converter reactor?

Answer:

A reactor plant which is designed to produce more fuel than it consumes. The breeding is obtained by converting fertile material to fissile material.

Question No. 8

Difference between Absorption and Adsorption.

Answer:

In absorption, one substance (matter or energy) is taken into another substance. But in adsorption only the surface level interactions are taking place.

Question No. 9

Difference between Liquid and Aqueous.

Answer:

Liquid is a state of matter, while aqueous is a special type of liquid formed by dissolving a compound in water

All aqueous solutions are liquids, but not all liquids are aqueous solutions.

Question No. 10

Difference between Gas and Vapour.

Answer:

(A) Vapour can turn back and forth into liquid and solid states but a gas cannot.

(B) Gases cannot be seeing while vapours are visible.