What is Mechatronics

Mechatronics is a concept of Japanese origin (1970’s) and can be defined as the application of electronics and computer technology to control the motions of mechanical systems (figure 1.1.1).

Figure 1.1.1 Definition of Mechatronics

It is a multidisciplinary approach to product and manufacturing system design (Figure

1.1.2). It involves application of electrical, mechanical, control and computer engineering to develop products, processes and systems with greater flexibility, ease in  redesign  and  ability  of  reprogramming.  It concurrently includes all these disciplines.

           Figure 1.1.2 Mechatronics: a multi-disciplinary approach

Mechatronics can also be termed as replacement of mechanics with electronics or enhance   mechanics   with   electronics.   For   example,   in   modern   automobiles, mechanical fuel injection systems are now replaced with electronic fuel injection systems. This replacement made theautomobiles more efficient and less pollutant.

With the help of microelectronics and sensor technology, mechatronics systems are providing high levels of precision and reliability. It is now possible to move (in x – y plane) the work table of a modern production machine tool in a step of 0.0001 mm.

By employment of reprogrammable microcontrollers/microcomputers, it is now easy to add new functions and capabilities to a product or a system. Today’s domestic washing  machines  are  “intelligent”  and  four-wheel  passenger  automobiles  are equipped with safety installations suchas air-bags, parking (proximity) sensors, anti- theft electronic keys etc.