The Future Evolution of Control Systems

The continuing goal of control systems is to provide extensive flexibility and a high level of autonomy. Two system concepts are approaching this goal by different evolutionary pathways, as illustrated in Figure 1.18.Today’s industrial robot is perceived as quite autonomous—once it is programmed, further intervention is not normally required. Because of sensory limitations, these robotic systems have limited flexibility in adapting to work environment changes, which is the motivation of computer vision research. The control system is very adaptable, but it relies on human supervision. Advanced robotic systems are striving for task adaptability through enhanced sensory feedback. Research areas concentrating on artificial intelligence, sensor integration, computer vision, and off-line CAD/CAM programming will make systems more universal and economical. Control systems are moving toward autonomous operation as an enhancement to human control. Research in supervisory control, human–machine interface methods to reduce operator burden, and computer database management is intended to improve operator efficiency. Many research activities are common to robotics and control systems and are aimed toward reducing implementation cost and expanding the realm of application. These include improved communication methods and advanced programming languages.

FIGURE 1.18 Future evolution of control systems and robotics.