Procedural Knowledge Representations

Declarative or Procedural?

Declarative knowledge representation:

• Static representation -- knowledge about objects, events etc. and their relationships and states given.
• Requires a program to know what to do with knowledge and how to do it.

Procedural representation:

• control information necessary to use the knowledge is embedded in the knowledge itself. e.g. how to find relevant facts, make inferences etc.
• Requires an interpreter to follow instructions specified in knowledge.

Representing How to Use Knowledge

Need to represent how to control the processing:

direction

-- indicate the direction an implication could be used. E.g. To prove something can fly show it is a bird. fly(x)  bird(x).

Knowledge to achieve goal

-- specify what knowledge might be needed to achieve a specific goal. For example to prove something is a bird try using two facts has_wings and has_feathers to show it.